( ! ) Warning: Undefined property: stdClass::$given in D:\wamp64\www\albasirah\plugins\generic\citationStyleLanguage\lib\vendor\seboettg\citeproc-php\src\Rendering\Name\Name.php on line 579
Call Stack
#TimeMemoryFunctionLocation
10.0001380464{main}( )...\index.php:0
20.00631137248PKPApplication->execute( )...\index.php:67
30.00641141432Dispatcher->dispatch( $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'download'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '82', 'submissionId' => '82']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' } )...\PKPApplication.inc.php:362
40.04462667648PKPPageRouter->route( $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'download'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '82', 'submissionId' => '82']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' } )...\Dispatcher.inc.php:144
50.06132679288PKPRouter->_authorizeInitializeAndCallRequest( $serviceEndpoint = [0 => class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { public $article = class Submission { ... }; public $publication = class Publication { ... }; public $issue = class Issue { ... }; public $citationStyle = 'bibtex'; public $returnJson = FALSE; protected $_apiToken = NULL; public $_id = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_checks = [...]; public $_roleAssignments = [...]; public $_authorizationDecisionManager = class AuthorizationDecisionManager { ... }; public $_enforceRestrictedSite = TRUE; public $_roleAssignmentsChecked = FALSE; public $_isBackendPage = FALSE }, 1 => 'download'], $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'download'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '82', 'submissionId' => '82']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' }, $args = [0 => 'bibtex'], $validate = FALSE )...\PKPPageRouter.inc.php:246
60.06152686064CitationStyleLanguageHandler->download( $args = [0 => 'bibtex'], $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'download'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '82', 'submissionId' => '82']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' } )...\PKPRouter.inc.php:395
70.09363277560CitationStyleLanguagePlugin->downloadCitation( $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'download'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '82', 'submissionId' => '82']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' }, $article = class Submission { public $_data = ['id' => 82, 'contextId' => 1, 'currentPublicationId' => 82, 'dateLastActivity' => '2022-04-22 07:34:14', 'dateSubmitted' => '2022-04-22 07:31:58', 'lastModified' => '2022-04-22 07:28:13', 'locale' => 'en_US', 'stageId' => 5, 'status' => 3, 'submissionProgress' => 0, 'publications' => [...]]; public $_hasLoadableAdapters = TRUE; public $_metadataExtractionAdapters = []; public $_extractionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE; public $_metadataInjectionAdapters = []; public $_injectionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE }, $citationStyle = 'bibtex', $issue = class Issue { public $_data = ['id' => 5, 'journalId' => 1, 'volume' => 10, 'number' => '01', 'year' => 2021, 'published' => 1, 'current' => 0, 'datePublished' => '2021-06-30 00:00:00', 'lastModified' => '2022-06-30 11:41:37', 'accessStatus' => 1, 'showVolume' => 1, 'showNumber' => 1, 'showYear' => 1, 'showTitle' => 1, 'urlPath' => '', 'coverImage' => [...], 'title' => [...], 'description' => [...], 'coverImageAltText' => [...]]; public $_hasLoadableAdapters = FALSE; public $_metadataExtractionAdapters = []; public $_extractionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE; public $_metadataInjectionAdapters = []; public $_injectionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE }, class Publication { public $_data = ['id' => 82, 'accessStatus' => 0, 'datePublished' => '2021-06-30', 'lastModified' => '2022-04-22 07:34:13', 'primaryContactId' => 105, 'sectionId' => 1, 'seq' => 13, 'submissionId' => 82, 'status' => 3, 'version' => 1, 'categoryIds' => [...], 'abstract' => [...], 'prefix' => [...], 'subtitle' => [...], 'title' => [...], 'pages' => '71-92', 'issueId' => 5, 'copyrightHolder' => [...], 'copyrightYear' => 2021, 'pub-id::doi' => '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.82', 'locale' => 'en_US', 'authors' => [...], 'keywords' => [...], 'subjects' => [...], 'disciplines' => [...], 'languages' => [...], 'supportingAgencies' => [...], 'galleys' => [...]]; public $_hasLoadableAdapters = FALSE; public $_metadataExtractionAdapters = []; public $_extractionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE; public $_metadataInjectionAdapters = []; public $_injectionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE } )...\CitationStyleLanguageHandler.inc.php:72
80.09813292264CitationStyleLanguagePlugin->getCitation( $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'download'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '82', 'submissionId' => '82']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' }, $article = class Submission { public $_data = ['id' => 82, 'contextId' => 1, 'currentPublicationId' => 82, 'dateLastActivity' => '2022-04-22 07:34:14', 'dateSubmitted' => '2022-04-22 07:31:58', 'lastModified' => '2022-04-22 07:28:13', 'locale' => 'en_US', 'stageId' => 5, 'status' => 3, 'submissionProgress' => 0, 'publications' => [...]]; public $_hasLoadableAdapters = TRUE; public $_metadataExtractionAdapters = []; public $_extractionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE; public $_metadataInjectionAdapters = []; public $_injectionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE }, $citationStyle = 'bibtex', $issue = class Issue { public $_data = ['id' => 5, 'journalId' => 1, 'volume' => 10, 'number' => '01', 'year' => 2021, 'published' => 1, 'current' => 0, 'datePublished' => '2021-06-30 00:00:00', 'lastModified' => '2022-06-30 11:41:37', 'accessStatus' => 1, 'showVolume' => 1, 'showNumber' => 1, 'showYear' => 1, 'showTitle' => 1, 'urlPath' => '', 'coverImage' => [...], 'title' => [...], 'description' => [...], 'coverImageAltText' => [...]]; public $_hasLoadableAdapters = FALSE; public $_metadataExtractionAdapters = []; public $_extractionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE; public $_metadataInjectionAdapters = []; public $_injectionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE }, $publication = ??? )...\CitationStyleLanguagePlugin.inc.php:469
90.10003329448Seboettg\CiteProc\CiteProc->render( $data = [0 => class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 82; public $title = 'عصر حاضر کی جدید آن لائن کھیلوں کا شرعی حکم فوائد و نقصانات اور فتاوی کی روشنی میں: Merits and Demerits of Contemporary E-Games: A Shariah perspective'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>Internet Service has become the platform for every transaction as it made the universe a global village. In the last few decades, the world has witnessed especially in the COVID_19 that almost the world has switched on to online services instead of physical movements. The world economist started almost all kinds of business through online including games. Human being happened to be social animal but in this pandemic era they were made confined in their home; so, the gaming market took part in this '...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/82'; public $accessed = class stdClass { ... }; public $author = [...]; public $issued = class stdClass { ... }; public $page = '71-92'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.82' }], $mode = 'bibliography', $citationItems = ???, $citationAsArray = ??? )...\CitationStyleLanguagePlugin.inc.php:423
100.10673729024Seboettg\CiteProc\CiteProc->bibliography( $data = class Seboettg\CiteProc\Data\DataList { private $subsequentAuthorSubstitute = NULL; private $subsequentAuthorSubstituteRule = 'complete-all'; protected $array = [0 => class stdClass { ... }] } )...\CiteProc.php:183
110.10673729024Seboettg\CiteProc\Style\Bibliography->render( $data = class Seboettg\CiteProc\Data\DataList { private $subsequentAuthorSubstitute = NULL; private $subsequentAuthorSubstituteRule = 'complete-all'; protected $array = [0 => class stdClass { ... }] }, $citationNumber = ??? )...\CiteProc.php:137
120.10673729024Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Layout->render( $data = class Seboettg\CiteProc\Data\DataList { private $subsequentAuthorSubstitute = NULL; private $subsequentAuthorSubstituteRule = 'complete-all'; protected $array = [0 => class stdClass { ... }] }, $citationItems = NULL )...\Bibliography.php:76
130.10683729728Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Layout->renderSingle( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 82; public $title = 'عصر حاضر کی جدید آن لائن کھیلوں کا شرعی حکم فوائد و نقصانات اور فتاوی کی روشنی میں: Merits and Demerits of Contemporary E-Games: A Shariah perspective'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>Internet Service has become the platform for every transaction as it made the universe a global village. In the last few decades, the world has witnessed especially in the COVID_19 that almost the world has switched on to online services instead of physical movements. The world economist started almost all kinds of business through online including games. Human being happened to be social animal but in this pandemic era they were made confined in their home; so, the gaming market took part in this '...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/82'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30'; public $date-parts = [...] }; public $page = '71-92'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.82' }, $citationNumber = 0 )...\Layout.php:97
140.10693731136Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Group->render( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 82; public $title = 'عصر حاضر کی جدید آن لائن کھیلوں کا شرعی حکم فوائد و نقصانات اور فتاوی کی روشنی میں: Merits and Demerits of Contemporary E-Games: A Shariah perspective'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>Internet Service has become the platform for every transaction as it made the universe a global village. In the last few decades, the world has witnessed especially in the COVID_19 that almost the world has switched on to online services instead of physical movements. The world economist started almost all kinds of business through online including games. Human being happened to be social animal but in this pandemic era they were made confined in their home; so, the gaming market took part in this '...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/82'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30'; public $date-parts = [...] }; public $page = '71-92'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.82' }, $citationNumber = 0 )...\Layout.php:130
150.10813811456Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Text->render( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 82; public $title = 'عصر حاضر کی جدید آن لائن کھیلوں کا شرعی حکم فوائد و نقصانات اور فتاوی کی روشنی میں: Merits and Demerits of Contemporary E-Games: A Shariah perspective'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>Internet Service has become the platform for every transaction as it made the universe a global village. In the last few decades, the world has witnessed especially in the COVID_19 that almost the world has switched on to online services instead of physical movements. The world economist started almost all kinds of business through online including games. Human being happened to be social animal but in this pandemic era they were made confined in their home; so, the gaming market took part in this '...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/82'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30'; public $date-parts = [...] }; public $page = '71-92'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.82' }, $citationNumber = 0 )...\Group.php:113
160.10813811456Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Text->renderMacro( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 82; public $title = 'عصر حاضر کی جدید آن لائن کھیلوں کا شرعی حکم فوائد و نقصانات اور فتاوی کی روشنی میں: Merits and Demerits of Contemporary E-Games: A Shariah perspective'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>Internet Service has become the platform for every transaction as it made the universe a global village. In the last few decades, the world has witnessed especially in the COVID_19 that almost the world has switched on to online services instead of physical movements. The world economist started almost all kinds of business through online including games. Human being happened to be social animal but in this pandemic era they were made confined in their home; so, the gaming market took part in this '...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/82'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30'; public $date-parts = [...] }; public $page = '71-92'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.82' } )...\Text.php:118
170.10813811456Seboettg\CiteProc\Style\Macro->render( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 82; public $title = 'عصر حاضر کی جدید آن لائن کھیلوں کا شرعی حکم فوائد و نقصانات اور فتاوی کی روشنی میں: Merits and Demerits of Contemporary E-Games: A Shariah perspective'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>Internet Service has become the platform for every transaction as it made the universe a global village. In the last few decades, the world has witnessed especially in the COVID_19 that almost the world has switched on to online services instead of physical movements. The world economist started almost all kinds of business through online including games. Human being happened to be social animal but in this pandemic era they were made confined in their home; so, the gaming market took part in this '...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/82'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30'; public $date-parts = [...] }; public $page = '71-92'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.82' }, $citationNumber = ??? )...\Text.php:282
180.10813812072Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Names->render( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 82; public $title = 'عصر حاضر کی جدید آن لائن کھیلوں کا شرعی حکم فوائد و نقصانات اور فتاوی کی روشنی میں: Merits and Demerits of Contemporary E-Games: A Shariah perspective'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>Internet Service has become the platform for every transaction as it made the universe a global village. In the last few decades, the world has witnessed especially in the COVID_19 that almost the world has switched on to online services instead of physical movements. The world economist started almost all kinds of business through online including games. Human being happened to be social animal but in this pandemic era they were made confined in their home; so, the gaming market took part in this '...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/82'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30'; public $date-parts = [...] }; public $page = '71-92'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.82' }, $citationNumber = NULL )...\Macro.php:86
190.10813812688Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Name->render( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 82; public $title = 'عصر حاضر کی جدید آن لائن کھیلوں کا شرعی حکم فوائد و نقصانات اور فتاوی کی روشنی میں: Merits and Demerits of Contemporary E-Games: A Shariah perspective'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>Internet Service has become the platform for every transaction as it made the universe a global village. In the last few decades, the world has witnessed especially in the COVID_19 that almost the world has switched on to online services instead of physical movements. The world economist started almost all kinds of business through online including games. Human being happened to be social animal but in this pandemic era they were made confined in their home; so, the gaming market took part in this '...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/82'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30'; public $date-parts = [...] }; public $page = '71-92'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.82' }, $var = 'author', $citationNumber = NULL )...\Names.php:210
200.10813812784Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Name->handleSubsequentAuthorSubstitution( $data = [0 => class stdClass { public $family = 'ڈاکٹر عبدالحمید' }, 1 => class stdClass { public $family = 'حافظ عبدالحنان حامد' }], $citationNumber = NULL )...\Name.php:137
210.10813812784Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Name->getFormattedNames( $data = [0 => class stdClass { public $family = 'ڈاکٹر عبدالحمید' }, 1 => class stdClass { public $family = 'حافظ عبدالحنان حامد' }] )...\Name.php:424
220.10813812784Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Name->formatName( $nameItem = class stdClass { public $family = 'ڈاکٹر عبدالحمید' }, $rank = 0 )...\Name.php:439
230.10813813200Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Name->getNamesString( $name = class stdClass { public $family = 'ڈاکٹر عبدالحمید' }, $rank = 0 )...\Name.php:191
240.10813813200Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Name->nameOrder( $data = class stdClass { public $family = 'ڈاکٹر عبدالحمید' }, $rank = 0 )...\Name.php:210

( ! ) Warning: Undefined property: stdClass::$given in D:\wamp64\www\albasirah\plugins\generic\citationStyleLanguage\lib\vendor\seboettg\citeproc-php\src\Rendering\Name\Name.php on line 579
Call Stack
#TimeMemoryFunctionLocation
10.0001380464{main}( )...\index.php:0
20.00631137248PKPApplication->execute( )...\index.php:67
30.00641141432Dispatcher->dispatch( $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'download'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '82', 'submissionId' => '82']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' } )...\PKPApplication.inc.php:362
40.04462667648PKPPageRouter->route( $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'download'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '82', 'submissionId' => '82']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' } )...\Dispatcher.inc.php:144
50.06132679288PKPRouter->_authorizeInitializeAndCallRequest( $serviceEndpoint = [0 => class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { public $article = class Submission { ... }; public $publication = class Publication { ... }; public $issue = class Issue { ... }; public $citationStyle = 'bibtex'; public $returnJson = FALSE; protected $_apiToken = NULL; public $_id = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_checks = [...]; public $_roleAssignments = [...]; public $_authorizationDecisionManager = class AuthorizationDecisionManager { ... }; public $_enforceRestrictedSite = TRUE; public $_roleAssignmentsChecked = FALSE; public $_isBackendPage = FALSE }, 1 => 'download'], $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'download'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '82', 'submissionId' => '82']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' }, $args = [0 => 'bibtex'], $validate = FALSE )...\PKPPageRouter.inc.php:246
60.06152686064CitationStyleLanguageHandler->download( $args = [0 => 'bibtex'], $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'download'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '82', 'submissionId' => '82']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' } )...\PKPRouter.inc.php:395
70.09363277560CitationStyleLanguagePlugin->downloadCitation( $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'download'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '82', 'submissionId' => '82']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' }, $article = class Submission { public $_data = ['id' => 82, 'contextId' => 1, 'currentPublicationId' => 82, 'dateLastActivity' => '2022-04-22 07:34:14', 'dateSubmitted' => '2022-04-22 07:31:58', 'lastModified' => '2022-04-22 07:28:13', 'locale' => 'en_US', 'stageId' => 5, 'status' => 3, 'submissionProgress' => 0, 'publications' => [...]]; public $_hasLoadableAdapters = TRUE; public $_metadataExtractionAdapters = []; public $_extractionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE; public $_metadataInjectionAdapters = []; public $_injectionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE }, $citationStyle = 'bibtex', $issue = class Issue { public $_data = ['id' => 5, 'journalId' => 1, 'volume' => 10, 'number' => '01', 'year' => 2021, 'published' => 1, 'current' => 0, 'datePublished' => '2021-06-30 00:00:00', 'lastModified' => '2022-06-30 11:41:37', 'accessStatus' => 1, 'showVolume' => 1, 'showNumber' => 1, 'showYear' => 1, 'showTitle' => 1, 'urlPath' => '', 'coverImage' => [...], 'title' => [...], 'description' => [...], 'coverImageAltText' => [...]]; public $_hasLoadableAdapters = FALSE; public $_metadataExtractionAdapters = []; public $_extractionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE; public $_metadataInjectionAdapters = []; public $_injectionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE }, class Publication { public $_data = ['id' => 82, 'accessStatus' => 0, 'datePublished' => '2021-06-30', 'lastModified' => '2022-04-22 07:34:13', 'primaryContactId' => 105, 'sectionId' => 1, 'seq' => 13, 'submissionId' => 82, 'status' => 3, 'version' => 1, 'categoryIds' => [...], 'abstract' => [...], 'prefix' => [...], 'subtitle' => [...], 'title' => [...], 'pages' => '71-92', 'issueId' => 5, 'copyrightHolder' => [...], 'copyrightYear' => 2021, 'pub-id::doi' => '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.82', 'locale' => 'en_US', 'authors' => [...], 'keywords' => [...], 'subjects' => [...], 'disciplines' => [...], 'languages' => [...], 'supportingAgencies' => [...], 'galleys' => [...]]; public $_hasLoadableAdapters = FALSE; public $_metadataExtractionAdapters = []; public $_extractionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE; public $_metadataInjectionAdapters = []; public $_injectionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE } )...\CitationStyleLanguageHandler.inc.php:72
80.09813292264CitationStyleLanguagePlugin->getCitation( $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'download'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '82', 'submissionId' => '82']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' }, $article = class Submission { public $_data = ['id' => 82, 'contextId' => 1, 'currentPublicationId' => 82, 'dateLastActivity' => '2022-04-22 07:34:14', 'dateSubmitted' => '2022-04-22 07:31:58', 'lastModified' => '2022-04-22 07:28:13', 'locale' => 'en_US', 'stageId' => 5, 'status' => 3, 'submissionProgress' => 0, 'publications' => [...]]; public $_hasLoadableAdapters = TRUE; public $_metadataExtractionAdapters = []; public $_extractionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE; public $_metadataInjectionAdapters = []; public $_injectionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE }, $citationStyle = 'bibtex', $issue = class Issue { public $_data = ['id' => 5, 'journalId' => 1, 'volume' => 10, 'number' => '01', 'year' => 2021, 'published' => 1, 'current' => 0, 'datePublished' => '2021-06-30 00:00:00', 'lastModified' => '2022-06-30 11:41:37', 'accessStatus' => 1, 'showVolume' => 1, 'showNumber' => 1, 'showYear' => 1, 'showTitle' => 1, 'urlPath' => '', 'coverImage' => [...], 'title' => [...], 'description' => [...], 'coverImageAltText' => [...]]; public $_hasLoadableAdapters = FALSE; public $_metadataExtractionAdapters = []; public $_extractionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE; public $_metadataInjectionAdapters = []; public $_injectionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE }, $publication = ??? )...\CitationStyleLanguagePlugin.inc.php:469
90.10003329448Seboettg\CiteProc\CiteProc->render( $data = [0 => class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 82; public $title = 'عصر حاضر کی جدید آن لائن کھیلوں کا شرعی حکم فوائد و نقصانات اور فتاوی کی روشنی میں: Merits and Demerits of Contemporary E-Games: A Shariah perspective'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>Internet Service has become the platform for every transaction as it made the universe a global village. In the last few decades, the world has witnessed especially in the COVID_19 that almost the world has switched on to online services instead of physical movements. The world economist started almost all kinds of business through online including games. Human being happened to be social animal but in this pandemic era they were made confined in their home; so, the gaming market took part in this '...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/82'; public $accessed = class stdClass { ... }; public $author = [...]; public $issued = class stdClass { ... }; public $page = '71-92'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.82' }], $mode = 'bibliography', $citationItems = ???, $citationAsArray = ??? )...\CitationStyleLanguagePlugin.inc.php:423
100.10673729024Seboettg\CiteProc\CiteProc->bibliography( $data = class Seboettg\CiteProc\Data\DataList { private $subsequentAuthorSubstitute = NULL; private $subsequentAuthorSubstituteRule = 'complete-all'; protected $array = [0 => class stdClass { ... }] } )...\CiteProc.php:183
110.10673729024Seboettg\CiteProc\Style\Bibliography->render( $data = class Seboettg\CiteProc\Data\DataList { private $subsequentAuthorSubstitute = NULL; private $subsequentAuthorSubstituteRule = 'complete-all'; protected $array = [0 => class stdClass { ... }] }, $citationNumber = ??? )...\CiteProc.php:137
120.10673729024Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Layout->render( $data = class Seboettg\CiteProc\Data\DataList { private $subsequentAuthorSubstitute = NULL; private $subsequentAuthorSubstituteRule = 'complete-all'; protected $array = [0 => class stdClass { ... }] }, $citationItems = NULL )...\Bibliography.php:76
130.10683729728Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Layout->renderSingle( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 82; public $title = 'عصر حاضر کی جدید آن لائن کھیلوں کا شرعی حکم فوائد و نقصانات اور فتاوی کی روشنی میں: Merits and Demerits of Contemporary E-Games: A Shariah perspective'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>Internet Service has become the platform for every transaction as it made the universe a global village. In the last few decades, the world has witnessed especially in the COVID_19 that almost the world has switched on to online services instead of physical movements. The world economist started almost all kinds of business through online including games. Human being happened to be social animal but in this pandemic era they were made confined in their home; so, the gaming market took part in this '...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/82'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30'; public $date-parts = [...] }; public $page = '71-92'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.82' }, $citationNumber = 0 )...\Layout.php:97
140.10693731136Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Group->render( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 82; public $title = 'عصر حاضر کی جدید آن لائن کھیلوں کا شرعی حکم فوائد و نقصانات اور فتاوی کی روشنی میں: Merits and Demerits of Contemporary E-Games: A Shariah perspective'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>Internet Service has become the platform for every transaction as it made the universe a global village. In the last few decades, the world has witnessed especially in the COVID_19 that almost the world has switched on to online services instead of physical movements. The world economist started almost all kinds of business through online including games. Human being happened to be social animal but in this pandemic era they were made confined in their home; so, the gaming market took part in this '...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/82'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30'; public $date-parts = [...] }; public $page = '71-92'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.82' }, $citationNumber = 0 )...\Layout.php:130
150.10813811456Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Text->render( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 82; public $title = 'عصر حاضر کی جدید آن لائن کھیلوں کا شرعی حکم فوائد و نقصانات اور فتاوی کی روشنی میں: Merits and Demerits of Contemporary E-Games: A Shariah perspective'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>Internet Service has become the platform for every transaction as it made the universe a global village. In the last few decades, the world has witnessed especially in the COVID_19 that almost the world has switched on to online services instead of physical movements. The world economist started almost all kinds of business through online including games. Human being happened to be social animal but in this pandemic era they were made confined in their home; so, the gaming market took part in this '...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/82'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30'; public $date-parts = [...] }; public $page = '71-92'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.82' }, $citationNumber = 0 )...\Group.php:113
160.10813811456Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Text->renderMacro( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 82; public $title = 'عصر حاضر کی جدید آن لائن کھیلوں کا شرعی حکم فوائد و نقصانات اور فتاوی کی روشنی میں: Merits and Demerits of Contemporary E-Games: A Shariah perspective'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>Internet Service has become the platform for every transaction as it made the universe a global village. In the last few decades, the world has witnessed especially in the COVID_19 that almost the world has switched on to online services instead of physical movements. The world economist started almost all kinds of business through online including games. Human being happened to be social animal but in this pandemic era they were made confined in their home; so, the gaming market took part in this '...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/82'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30'; public $date-parts = [...] }; public $page = '71-92'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.82' } )...\Text.php:118
170.10813811456Seboettg\CiteProc\Style\Macro->render( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 82; public $title = 'عصر حاضر کی جدید آن لائن کھیلوں کا شرعی حکم فوائد و نقصانات اور فتاوی کی روشنی میں: Merits and Demerits of Contemporary E-Games: A Shariah perspective'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>Internet Service has become the platform for every transaction as it made the universe a global village. In the last few decades, the world has witnessed especially in the COVID_19 that almost the world has switched on to online services instead of physical movements. The world economist started almost all kinds of business through online including games. Human being happened to be social animal but in this pandemic era they were made confined in their home; so, the gaming market took part in this '...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/82'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30'; public $date-parts = [...] }; public $page = '71-92'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.82' }, $citationNumber = ??? )...\Text.php:282
180.10813812072Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Names->render( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 82; public $title = 'عصر حاضر کی جدید آن لائن کھیلوں کا شرعی حکم فوائد و نقصانات اور فتاوی کی روشنی میں: Merits and Demerits of Contemporary E-Games: A Shariah perspective'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>Internet Service has become the platform for every transaction as it made the universe a global village. In the last few decades, the world has witnessed especially in the COVID_19 that almost the world has switched on to online services instead of physical movements. The world economist started almost all kinds of business through online including games. Human being happened to be social animal but in this pandemic era they were made confined in their home; so, the gaming market took part in this '...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/82'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30'; public $date-parts = [...] }; public $page = '71-92'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.82' }, $citationNumber = NULL )...\Macro.php:86
190.10813812688Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Name->render( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 82; public $title = 'عصر حاضر کی جدید آن لائن کھیلوں کا شرعی حکم فوائد و نقصانات اور فتاوی کی روشنی میں: Merits and Demerits of Contemporary E-Games: A Shariah perspective'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>Internet Service has become the platform for every transaction as it made the universe a global village. In the last few decades, the world has witnessed especially in the COVID_19 that almost the world has switched on to online services instead of physical movements. The world economist started almost all kinds of business through online including games. Human being happened to be social animal but in this pandemic era they were made confined in their home; so, the gaming market took part in this '...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/82'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30'; public $date-parts = [...] }; public $page = '71-92'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.82' }, $var = 'author', $citationNumber = NULL )...\Names.php:210
200.10813812784Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Name->handleSubsequentAuthorSubstitution( $data = [0 => class stdClass { public $family = 'ڈاکٹر عبدالحمید' }, 1 => class stdClass { public $family = 'حافظ عبدالحنان حامد' }], $citationNumber = NULL )...\Name.php:137
210.10813812784Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Name->getFormattedNames( $data = [0 => class stdClass { public $family = 'ڈاکٹر عبدالحمید' }, 1 => class stdClass { public $family = 'حافظ عبدالحنان حامد' }] )...\Name.php:424
220.12083851072Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Name->formatName( $nameItem = class stdClass { public $family = 'حافظ عبدالحنان حامد' }, $rank = 1 )...\Name.php:439
230.12083851488Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Name->getNamesString( $name = class stdClass { public $family = 'حافظ عبدالحنان حامد' }, $rank = 1 )...\Name.php:191
240.12083851488Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Name->nameOrder( $data = class stdClass { public $family = 'حافظ عبدالحنان حامد' }, $rank = 1 )...\Name.php:210

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Call Stack
#TimeMemoryFunctionLocation
10.0001380464{main}( )...\index.php:0
20.00631137248PKPApplication->execute( )...\index.php:67
30.00641141432Dispatcher->dispatch( $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'download'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '82', 'submissionId' => '82']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' } )...\PKPApplication.inc.php:362
40.04462667648PKPPageRouter->route( $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'download'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '82', 'submissionId' => '82']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' } )...\Dispatcher.inc.php:144
50.06132679288PKPRouter->_authorizeInitializeAndCallRequest( $serviceEndpoint = [0 => class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { public $article = class Submission { ... }; public $publication = class Publication { ... }; public $issue = class Issue { ... }; public $citationStyle = 'bibtex'; public $returnJson = FALSE; protected $_apiToken = NULL; public $_id = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_checks = [...]; public $_roleAssignments = [...]; public $_authorizationDecisionManager = class AuthorizationDecisionManager { ... }; public $_enforceRestrictedSite = TRUE; public $_roleAssignmentsChecked = FALSE; public $_isBackendPage = FALSE }, 1 => 'download'], $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'download'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '82', 'submissionId' => '82']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' }, $args = [0 => 'bibtex'], $validate = FALSE )...\PKPPageRouter.inc.php:246
60.06152686064CitationStyleLanguageHandler->download( $args = [0 => 'bibtex'], $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'download'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '82', 'submissionId' => '82']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' } )...\PKPRouter.inc.php:395
70.09363277560CitationStyleLanguagePlugin->downloadCitation( $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'download'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '82', 'submissionId' => '82']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' }, $article = class Submission { public $_data = ['id' => 82, 'contextId' => 1, 'currentPublicationId' => 82, 'dateLastActivity' => '2022-04-22 07:34:14', 'dateSubmitted' => '2022-04-22 07:31:58', 'lastModified' => '2022-04-22 07:28:13', 'locale' => 'en_US', 'stageId' => 5, 'status' => 3, 'submissionProgress' => 0, 'publications' => [...]]; public $_hasLoadableAdapters = TRUE; public $_metadataExtractionAdapters = []; public $_extractionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE; public $_metadataInjectionAdapters = []; public $_injectionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE }, $citationStyle = 'bibtex', $issue = class Issue { public $_data = ['id' => 5, 'journalId' => 1, 'volume' => 10, 'number' => '01', 'year' => 2021, 'published' => 1, 'current' => 0, 'datePublished' => '2021-06-30 00:00:00', 'lastModified' => '2022-06-30 11:41:37', 'accessStatus' => 1, 'showVolume' => 1, 'showNumber' => 1, 'showYear' => 1, 'showTitle' => 1, 'urlPath' => '', 'coverImage' => [...], 'title' => [...], 'description' => [...], 'coverImageAltText' => [...]]; public $_hasLoadableAdapters = FALSE; public $_metadataExtractionAdapters = []; public $_extractionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE; public $_metadataInjectionAdapters = []; public $_injectionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE }, class Publication { public $_data = ['id' => 82, 'accessStatus' => 0, 'datePublished' => '2021-06-30', 'lastModified' => '2022-04-22 07:34:13', 'primaryContactId' => 105, 'sectionId' => 1, 'seq' => 13, 'submissionId' => 82, 'status' => 3, 'version' => 1, 'categoryIds' => [...], 'abstract' => [...], 'prefix' => [...], 'subtitle' => [...], 'title' => [...], 'pages' => '71-92', 'issueId' => 5, 'copyrightHolder' => [...], 'copyrightYear' => 2021, 'pub-id::doi' => '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.82', 'locale' => 'en_US', 'authors' => [...], 'keywords' => [...], 'subjects' => [...], 'disciplines' => [...], 'languages' => [...], 'supportingAgencies' => [...], 'galleys' => [...]]; public $_hasLoadableAdapters = FALSE; public $_metadataExtractionAdapters = []; public $_extractionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE; public $_metadataInjectionAdapters = []; public $_injectionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE } )...\CitationStyleLanguageHandler.inc.php:72
80.13643719528header( $header = 'Content-Disposition: attachment; filename*=UTF-8\'\'"%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1+%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B6%D8%B1+%DA%A9%DB%8C+%D8%AC%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF+%D8%A2%D9%86+%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86+%DA%A9%DA%BE%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%88%DA%BA+%DA%A9%D8.bib"' )...\CitationStyleLanguagePlugin.inc.php:478

( ! ) Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at D:\wamp64\www\albasirah\plugins\generic\citationStyleLanguage\lib\vendor\seboettg\citeproc-php\src\Rendering\Name\Name.php:579) in D:\wamp64\www\albasirah\plugins\generic\citationStyleLanguage\CitationStyleLanguagePlugin.inc.php on line 479
Call Stack
#TimeMemoryFunctionLocation
10.0001380464{main}( )...\index.php:0
20.00631137248PKPApplication->execute( )...\index.php:67
30.00641141432Dispatcher->dispatch( $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'download'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '82', 'submissionId' => '82']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' } )...\PKPApplication.inc.php:362
40.04462667648PKPPageRouter->route( $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'download'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '82', 'submissionId' => '82']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' } )...\Dispatcher.inc.php:144
50.06132679288PKPRouter->_authorizeInitializeAndCallRequest( $serviceEndpoint = [0 => class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { public $article = class Submission { ... }; public $publication = class Publication { ... }; public $issue = class Issue { ... }; public $citationStyle = 'bibtex'; public $returnJson = FALSE; protected $_apiToken = NULL; public $_id = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_checks = [...]; public $_roleAssignments = [...]; public $_authorizationDecisionManager = class AuthorizationDecisionManager { ... }; public $_enforceRestrictedSite = TRUE; public $_roleAssignmentsChecked = FALSE; public $_isBackendPage = FALSE }, 1 => 'download'], $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'download'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '82', 'submissionId' => '82']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' }, $args = [0 => 'bibtex'], $validate = FALSE )...\PKPPageRouter.inc.php:246
60.06152686064CitationStyleLanguageHandler->download( $args = [0 => 'bibtex'], $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'download'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '82', 'submissionId' => '82']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' } )...\PKPRouter.inc.php:395
70.09363277560CitationStyleLanguagePlugin->downloadCitation( $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'download'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '82', 'submissionId' => '82']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' }, $article = class Submission { public $_data = ['id' => 82, 'contextId' => 1, 'currentPublicationId' => 82, 'dateLastActivity' => '2022-04-22 07:34:14', 'dateSubmitted' => '2022-04-22 07:31:58', 'lastModified' => '2022-04-22 07:28:13', 'locale' => 'en_US', 'stageId' => 5, 'status' => 3, 'submissionProgress' => 0, 'publications' => [...]]; public $_hasLoadableAdapters = TRUE; public $_metadataExtractionAdapters = []; public $_extractionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE; public $_metadataInjectionAdapters = []; public $_injectionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE }, $citationStyle = 'bibtex', $issue = class Issue { public $_data = ['id' => 5, 'journalId' => 1, 'volume' => 10, 'number' => '01', 'year' => 2021, 'published' => 1, 'current' => 0, 'datePublished' => '2021-06-30 00:00:00', 'lastModified' => '2022-06-30 11:41:37', 'accessStatus' => 1, 'showVolume' => 1, 'showNumber' => 1, 'showYear' => 1, 'showTitle' => 1, 'urlPath' => '', 'coverImage' => [...], 'title' => [...], 'description' => [...], 'coverImageAltText' => [...]]; public $_hasLoadableAdapters = FALSE; public $_metadataExtractionAdapters = []; public $_extractionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE; public $_metadataInjectionAdapters = []; public $_injectionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE }, class Publication { public $_data = ['id' => 82, 'accessStatus' => 0, 'datePublished' => '2021-06-30', 'lastModified' => '2022-04-22 07:34:13', 'primaryContactId' => 105, 'sectionId' => 1, 'seq' => 13, 'submissionId' => 82, 'status' => 3, 'version' => 1, 'categoryIds' => [...], 'abstract' => [...], 'prefix' => [...], 'subtitle' => [...], 'title' => [...], 'pages' => '71-92', 'issueId' => 5, 'copyrightHolder' => [...], 'copyrightYear' => 2021, 'pub-id::doi' => '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.82', 'locale' => 'en_US', 'authors' => [...], 'keywords' => [...], 'subjects' => [...], 'disciplines' => [...], 'languages' => [...], 'supportingAgencies' => [...], 'galleys' => [...]]; public $_hasLoadableAdapters = FALSE; public $_metadataExtractionAdapters = []; public $_extractionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE; public $_metadataInjectionAdapters = []; public $_injectionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE } )...\CitationStyleLanguageHandler.inc.php:72
80.14463719336header( $header = 'Content-Type: application/x-bibtex' )...\CitationStyleLanguagePlugin.inc.php:479
@article{ڈاکٹر عبدالحمید_حافظ عبدالحنان حامد_2021, title={عصر حاضر کی جدید آن لائن کھیلوں کا شرعی حکم فوائد و نقصانات اور فتاوی کی روشنی میں: Merits and Demerits of Contemporary E-Games: A Shariah perspective}, volume={10}, url={https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/82}, DOI={10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.82}, abstractNote={<p>Internet Service has become the platform for every transaction as it made the universe a global village. In the last few decades, the world has witnessed especially in the COVID_19 that almost the world has switched on to online services instead of physical movements. The world economist started almost all kinds of business through online including games. Human being happened to be social animal but in this pandemic era they were made confined in their home; so, the gaming market took part in this period and played its role by providing various games to be played online to its inserters. Various games found on the internet having multiple purposes. Some of the games are very helpful to the beginners and some are very supportive to even handicaps but on the other hand some have been found against to the Islamic law. This study aims to analyze this area to find out the sharia ruling regarding the games being played online and it found that all the games can’t be painted with the same brush rather it needs detail to declare any game Islamic or un-Islamic. The games which contains material of how to rob, kill, attempt to commit crime, taking wine, sexual scenes and alike they are un-Islamic. Keywords: Islamic Law, Fatwa, online games.</p>}, number={01}, journal={Al Basirah}, author={ڈاکٹر عبدالحمید and حافظ عبدالحنان حامد}, year={2021}, month={Jun.}, pages={71–92} }