( ! ) Warning: Undefined property: stdClass::$given in D:\wamp64\www\albasirah\plugins\generic\citationStyleLanguage\lib\vendor\seboettg\citeproc-php\src\Rendering\Name\Name.php on line 579
Call Stack
#TimeMemoryFunctionLocation
10.0001380656{main}( )...\index.php:0
20.00421137440PKPApplication->execute( )...\index.php:67
30.00421141624Dispatcher->dispatch( $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'get'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '72', 'submissionId' => '72']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' } )...\PKPApplication.inc.php:362
40.05422667832PKPPageRouter->route( $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'get'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '72', 'submissionId' => '72']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' } )...\Dispatcher.inc.php:144
50.06712679496PKPRouter->_authorizeInitializeAndCallRequest( $serviceEndpoint = [0 => class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { public $article = class Submission { ... }; public $publication = class Publication { ... }; public $issue = class Issue { ... }; public $citationStyle = 'turabian-fullnote-bibliography'; public $returnJson = FALSE; protected $_apiToken = NULL; public $_id = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_checks = [...]; public $_roleAssignments = [...]; public $_authorizationDecisionManager = class AuthorizationDecisionManager { ... }; public $_enforceRestrictedSite = TRUE; public $_roleAssignmentsChecked = FALSE; public $_isBackendPage = FALSE }, 1 => 'get'], $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'get'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '72', 'submissionId' => '72']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' }, $args = [0 => 'turabian-fullnote-bibliography'], $validate = FALSE )...\PKPPageRouter.inc.php:246
60.06722686272CitationStyleLanguageHandler->get( $args = [0 => 'turabian-fullnote-bibliography'], $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'get'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '72', 'submissionId' => '72']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' } )...\PKPRouter.inc.php:395
70.10273276760CitationStyleLanguagePlugin->getCitation( $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'get'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '72', 'submissionId' => '72']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' }, $article = class Submission { public $_data = ['id' => 72, 'contextId' => 1, 'currentPublicationId' => 72, 'dateLastActivity' => '2022-04-22 06:36:23', 'dateSubmitted' => '2022-04-22 06:36:22', 'lastModified' => '2022-04-22 06:21:04', 'locale' => 'en_US', 'stageId' => 5, 'status' => 3, 'submissionProgress' => 0, 'publications' => [...]]; public $_hasLoadableAdapters = TRUE; public $_metadataExtractionAdapters = []; public $_extractionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE; public $_metadataInjectionAdapters = []; public $_injectionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE }, $citationStyle = 'turabian-fullnote-bibliography', $issue = class Issue { public $_data = ['id' => 5, 'journalId' => 1, 'volume' => 10, 'number' => '01', 'year' => 2021, 'published' => 1, 'current' => 0, 'datePublished' => '2021-06-30 00:00:00', 'lastModified' => '2022-06-30 11:41:37', 'accessStatus' => 1, 'showVolume' => 1, 'showNumber' => 1, 'showYear' => 1, 'showTitle' => 1, 'urlPath' => '', 'coverImage' => [...], 'title' => [...], 'description' => [...], 'coverImageAltText' => [...]]; public $_hasLoadableAdapters = FALSE; public $_metadataExtractionAdapters = []; public $_extractionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE; public $_metadataInjectionAdapters = []; public $_injectionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE }, $publication = class Publication { public $_data = ['id' => 72, 'accessStatus' => 0, 'datePublished' => '2021-06-30', 'lastModified' => '2022-04-22 06:36:23', 'primaryContactId' => 91, 'sectionId' => 1, 'seq' => 7, 'submissionId' => 72, 'status' => 3, 'version' => 1, 'categoryIds' => [...], 'abstract' => [...], 'prefix' => [...], 'subtitle' => [...], 'title' => [...], 'copyrightHolder' => [...], 'copyrightYear' => 2022, 'issueId' => 5, 'pages' => '29-46', 'pub-id::doi' => '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.72', 'locale' => 'en_US', 'authors' => [...], 'keywords' => [...], 'subjects' => [...], 'disciplines' => [...], 'languages' => [...], 'supportingAgencies' => [...], 'galleys' => [...]]; public $_hasLoadableAdapters = FALSE; public $_metadataExtractionAdapters = []; public $_extractionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE; public $_metadataInjectionAdapters = []; public $_injectionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE } )...\CitationStyleLanguageHandler.inc.php:45
80.11643348552Seboettg\CiteProc\CiteProc->render( $data = [0 => class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 72; public $title = 'شبه القارة الهندية وحضاراتها: دراسة تاريخية: The Indian Subcontinent and its Civilizations: A Historical Study'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>The importance of the topic “The Efforts of Advocacy and Behavior Scholars in Reforming the Individual and Society in the Indian Subcontinent” shows that it focuses on studying the case of the Indian subcontinent; (constituting the State of Pakistan, India, Nepal, Maldives and Sri Lanka), in terms of preaching, and this subcontinent has embraced several civilizations and religions through the ages and times, and many leaders, kings and nations have struggled for their thrones; This is due to it'...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/72'; public $accessed = class stdClass { ... }; public $author = [...]; public $issued = class stdClass { ... }; public $page = '29-46'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.72' }], $mode = 'bibliography', $citationItems = ???, $citationAsArray = ??? )...\CitationStyleLanguagePlugin.inc.php:423
90.13144098552Seboettg\CiteProc\CiteProc->bibliography( $data = class Seboettg\CiteProc\Data\DataList { private $subsequentAuthorSubstitute = '———'; private $subsequentAuthorSubstituteRule = class Seboettg\CiteProc\Style\Options\SubsequentAuthorSubstituteRule { protected $value = 'complete-all' }; protected $array = [0 => class stdClass { ... }] } )...\CiteProc.php:183
100.13144098552Seboettg\CiteProc\Style\Bibliography->render( $data = class Seboettg\CiteProc\Data\DataList { private $subsequentAuthorSubstitute = '———'; private $subsequentAuthorSubstituteRule = class Seboettg\CiteProc\Style\Options\SubsequentAuthorSubstituteRule { protected $value = 'complete-all' }; protected $array = [0 => class stdClass { ... }] }, $citationNumber = ??? )...\CiteProc.php:137
110.13144098552Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Layout->render( $data = class Seboettg\CiteProc\Data\DataList { private $subsequentAuthorSubstitute = '———'; private $subsequentAuthorSubstituteRule = class Seboettg\CiteProc\Style\Options\SubsequentAuthorSubstituteRule { protected $value = 'complete-all' }; protected $array = [0 => class stdClass { ... }] }, $citationItems = NULL )...\Bibliography.php:76
120.13154099256Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Layout->renderSingle( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 72; public $title = 'شبه القارة الهندية وحضاراتها: دراسة تاريخية: The Indian Subcontinent and its Civilizations: A Historical Study'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>The importance of the topic “The Efforts of Advocacy and Behavior Scholars in Reforming the Individual and Society in the Indian Subcontinent” shows that it focuses on studying the case of the Indian subcontinent; (constituting the State of Pakistan, India, Nepal, Maldives and Sri Lanka), in terms of preaching, and this subcontinent has embraced several civilizations and religions through the ages and times, and many leaders, kings and nations have struggled for their thrones; This is due to it'...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/72'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30' }; public $page = '29-46'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.72' }, $citationNumber = 0 )...\Layout.php:97
130.13154099872Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Group->render( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 72; public $title = 'شبه القارة الهندية وحضاراتها: دراسة تاريخية: The Indian Subcontinent and its Civilizations: A Historical Study'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>The importance of the topic “The Efforts of Advocacy and Behavior Scholars in Reforming the Individual and Society in the Indian Subcontinent” shows that it focuses on studying the case of the Indian subcontinent; (constituting the State of Pakistan, India, Nepal, Maldives and Sri Lanka), in terms of preaching, and this subcontinent has embraced several civilizations and religions through the ages and times, and many leaders, kings and nations have struggled for their thrones; This is due to it'...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/72'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30' }; public $page = '29-46'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.72' }, $citationNumber = 0 )...\Layout.php:130
140.13154100488Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Text->render( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 72; public $title = 'شبه القارة الهندية وحضاراتها: دراسة تاريخية: The Indian Subcontinent and its Civilizations: A Historical Study'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>The importance of the topic “The Efforts of Advocacy and Behavior Scholars in Reforming the Individual and Society in the Indian Subcontinent” shows that it focuses on studying the case of the Indian subcontinent; (constituting the State of Pakistan, India, Nepal, Maldives and Sri Lanka), in terms of preaching, and this subcontinent has embraced several civilizations and religions through the ages and times, and many leaders, kings and nations have struggled for their thrones; This is due to it'...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/72'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30' }; public $page = '29-46'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.72' }, $citationNumber = 0 )...\Group.php:113
150.13154100488Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Text->renderMacro( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 72; public $title = 'شبه القارة الهندية وحضاراتها: دراسة تاريخية: The Indian Subcontinent and its Civilizations: A Historical Study'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>The importance of the topic “The Efforts of Advocacy and Behavior Scholars in Reforming the Individual and Society in the Indian Subcontinent” shows that it focuses on studying the case of the Indian subcontinent; (constituting the State of Pakistan, India, Nepal, Maldives and Sri Lanka), in terms of preaching, and this subcontinent has embraced several civilizations and religions through the ages and times, and many leaders, kings and nations have struggled for their thrones; This is due to it'...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/72'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30' }; public $page = '29-46'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.72' } )...\Text.php:118
160.13154100488Seboettg\CiteProc\Style\Macro->render( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 72; public $title = 'شبه القارة الهندية وحضاراتها: دراسة تاريخية: The Indian Subcontinent and its Civilizations: A Historical Study'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>The importance of the topic “The Efforts of Advocacy and Behavior Scholars in Reforming the Individual and Society in the Indian Subcontinent” shows that it focuses on studying the case of the Indian subcontinent; (constituting the State of Pakistan, India, Nepal, Maldives and Sri Lanka), in terms of preaching, and this subcontinent has embraced several civilizations and religions through the ages and times, and many leaders, kings and nations have struggled for their thrones; This is due to it'...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/72'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30' }; public $page = '29-46'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.72' }, $citationNumber = ??? )...\Text.php:282
170.13154101104Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Names->render( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 72; public $title = 'شبه القارة الهندية وحضاراتها: دراسة تاريخية: The Indian Subcontinent and its Civilizations: A Historical Study'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>The importance of the topic “The Efforts of Advocacy and Behavior Scholars in Reforming the Individual and Society in the Indian Subcontinent” shows that it focuses on studying the case of the Indian subcontinent; (constituting the State of Pakistan, India, Nepal, Maldives and Sri Lanka), in terms of preaching, and this subcontinent has embraced several civilizations and religions through the ages and times, and many leaders, kings and nations have struggled for their thrones; This is due to it'...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/72'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30' }; public $page = '29-46'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.72' }, $citationNumber = NULL )...\Macro.php:86
180.13154101720Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Name->render( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 72; public $title = 'شبه القارة الهندية وحضاراتها: دراسة تاريخية: The Indian Subcontinent and its Civilizations: A Historical Study'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>The importance of the topic “The Efforts of Advocacy and Behavior Scholars in Reforming the Individual and Society in the Indian Subcontinent” shows that it focuses on studying the case of the Indian subcontinent; (constituting the State of Pakistan, India, Nepal, Maldives and Sri Lanka), in terms of preaching, and this subcontinent has embraced several civilizations and religions through the ages and times, and many leaders, kings and nations have struggled for their thrones; This is due to it'...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/72'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30' }; public $page = '29-46'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.72' }, $var = 'author', $citationNumber = NULL )...\Names.php:210
190.13154171448Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Name->handleSubsequentAuthorSubstitution( $data = [0 => class stdClass { public $family = 'نور اسلام' }, 1 => class stdClass { public $family = 'د محمدي عبد البصير حضيري' }], $citationNumber = NULL )...\Name.php:137
200.13154171448Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Name->getFormattedNames( $data = [0 => class stdClass { public $family = 'نور اسلام' }, 1 => class stdClass { public $family = 'د محمدي عبد البصير حضيري' }] )...\Name.php:424
210.13154171448Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Name->formatName( $nameItem = class stdClass { public $family = 'نور اسلام' }, $rank = 0 )...\Name.php:439
220.13154171864Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Name->getNamesString( $name = class stdClass { public $family = 'نور اسلام' }, $rank = 0 )...\Name.php:191
230.13164171864Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Name->nameOrder( $data = class stdClass { public $family = 'نور اسلام' }, $rank = 0 )...\Name.php:210
( ! ) Warning: Undefined property: stdClass::$given in D:\wamp64\www\albasirah\plugins\generic\citationStyleLanguage\lib\vendor\seboettg\citeproc-php\src\Rendering\Name\Name.php on line 579
Call Stack
#TimeMemoryFunctionLocation
10.0001380656{main}( )...\index.php:0
20.00421137440PKPApplication->execute( )...\index.php:67
30.00421141624Dispatcher->dispatch( $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'get'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '72', 'submissionId' => '72']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' } )...\PKPApplication.inc.php:362
40.05422667832PKPPageRouter->route( $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'get'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '72', 'submissionId' => '72']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' } )...\Dispatcher.inc.php:144
50.06712679496PKPRouter->_authorizeInitializeAndCallRequest( $serviceEndpoint = [0 => class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { public $article = class Submission { ... }; public $publication = class Publication { ... }; public $issue = class Issue { ... }; public $citationStyle = 'turabian-fullnote-bibliography'; public $returnJson = FALSE; protected $_apiToken = NULL; public $_id = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_checks = [...]; public $_roleAssignments = [...]; public $_authorizationDecisionManager = class AuthorizationDecisionManager { ... }; public $_enforceRestrictedSite = TRUE; public $_roleAssignmentsChecked = FALSE; public $_isBackendPage = FALSE }, 1 => 'get'], $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'get'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '72', 'submissionId' => '72']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' }, $args = [0 => 'turabian-fullnote-bibliography'], $validate = FALSE )...\PKPPageRouter.inc.php:246
60.06722686272CitationStyleLanguageHandler->get( $args = [0 => 'turabian-fullnote-bibliography'], $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'get'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '72', 'submissionId' => '72']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' } )...\PKPRouter.inc.php:395
70.10273276760CitationStyleLanguagePlugin->getCitation( $request = class Request { public $_router = class PageRouter { public $_installationPages = [...]; public $_page = 'citationstylelanguage'; public $_op = 'get'; public $_indexUrl = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php'; public $_cacheFilename = NULL; public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { ... }; public $_contextDepth = 1; public $_contextList = [...]; public $_flippedContextList = [...]; public $_contextPaths = [...]; public $_contexts = [...]; public $_handler = class CitationStyleLanguageHandler { ... } }; public $_dispatcher = class Dispatcher { public $_application = class Application { ... }; public $_routerNames = [...]; public $_routerInstances = [...]; public $_router = class PageRouter { ... }; public $_requestCallbackHack = NULL }; public $_requestVars = ['publicationId' => '72', 'submissionId' => '72']; public $_basePath = ''; public $_requestPath = NULL; public $_isRestfulUrlsEnabled = FALSE; public $_isPathInfoEnabled = TRUE; public $_serverHost = 'polyglot.numl.edu.pk'; public $_protocol = 'https'; public $_isBot = NULL; public $_userAgent = 'Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)' }, $article = class Submission { public $_data = ['id' => 72, 'contextId' => 1, 'currentPublicationId' => 72, 'dateLastActivity' => '2022-04-22 06:36:23', 'dateSubmitted' => '2022-04-22 06:36:22', 'lastModified' => '2022-04-22 06:21:04', 'locale' => 'en_US', 'stageId' => 5, 'status' => 3, 'submissionProgress' => 0, 'publications' => [...]]; public $_hasLoadableAdapters = TRUE; public $_metadataExtractionAdapters = []; public $_extractionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE; public $_metadataInjectionAdapters = []; public $_injectionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE }, $citationStyle = 'turabian-fullnote-bibliography', $issue = class Issue { public $_data = ['id' => 5, 'journalId' => 1, 'volume' => 10, 'number' => '01', 'year' => 2021, 'published' => 1, 'current' => 0, 'datePublished' => '2021-06-30 00:00:00', 'lastModified' => '2022-06-30 11:41:37', 'accessStatus' => 1, 'showVolume' => 1, 'showNumber' => 1, 'showYear' => 1, 'showTitle' => 1, 'urlPath' => '', 'coverImage' => [...], 'title' => [...], 'description' => [...], 'coverImageAltText' => [...]]; public $_hasLoadableAdapters = FALSE; public $_metadataExtractionAdapters = []; public $_extractionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE; public $_metadataInjectionAdapters = []; public $_injectionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE }, $publication = class Publication { public $_data = ['id' => 72, 'accessStatus' => 0, 'datePublished' => '2021-06-30', 'lastModified' => '2022-04-22 06:36:23', 'primaryContactId' => 91, 'sectionId' => 1, 'seq' => 7, 'submissionId' => 72, 'status' => 3, 'version' => 1, 'categoryIds' => [...], 'abstract' => [...], 'prefix' => [...], 'subtitle' => [...], 'title' => [...], 'copyrightHolder' => [...], 'copyrightYear' => 2022, 'issueId' => 5, 'pages' => '29-46', 'pub-id::doi' => '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.72', 'locale' => 'en_US', 'authors' => [...], 'keywords' => [...], 'subjects' => [...], 'disciplines' => [...], 'languages' => [...], 'supportingAgencies' => [...], 'galleys' => [...]]; public $_hasLoadableAdapters = FALSE; public $_metadataExtractionAdapters = []; public $_extractionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE; public $_metadataInjectionAdapters = []; public $_injectionAdaptersLoaded = FALSE } )...\CitationStyleLanguageHandler.inc.php:45
80.11643348552Seboettg\CiteProc\CiteProc->render( $data = [0 => class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 72; public $title = 'شبه القارة الهندية وحضاراتها: دراسة تاريخية: The Indian Subcontinent and its Civilizations: A Historical Study'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>The importance of the topic “The Efforts of Advocacy and Behavior Scholars in Reforming the Individual and Society in the Indian Subcontinent” shows that it focuses on studying the case of the Indian subcontinent; (constituting the State of Pakistan, India, Nepal, Maldives and Sri Lanka), in terms of preaching, and this subcontinent has embraced several civilizations and religions through the ages and times, and many leaders, kings and nations have struggled for their thrones; This is due to it'...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/72'; public $accessed = class stdClass { ... }; public $author = [...]; public $issued = class stdClass { ... }; public $page = '29-46'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.72' }], $mode = 'bibliography', $citationItems = ???, $citationAsArray = ??? )...\CitationStyleLanguagePlugin.inc.php:423
90.13144098552Seboettg\CiteProc\CiteProc->bibliography( $data = class Seboettg\CiteProc\Data\DataList { private $subsequentAuthorSubstitute = '———'; private $subsequentAuthorSubstituteRule = class Seboettg\CiteProc\Style\Options\SubsequentAuthorSubstituteRule { protected $value = 'complete-all' }; protected $array = [0 => class stdClass { ... }] } )...\CiteProc.php:183
100.13144098552Seboettg\CiteProc\Style\Bibliography->render( $data = class Seboettg\CiteProc\Data\DataList { private $subsequentAuthorSubstitute = '———'; private $subsequentAuthorSubstituteRule = class Seboettg\CiteProc\Style\Options\SubsequentAuthorSubstituteRule { protected $value = 'complete-all' }; protected $array = [0 => class stdClass { ... }] }, $citationNumber = ??? )...\CiteProc.php:137
110.13144098552Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Layout->render( $data = class Seboettg\CiteProc\Data\DataList { private $subsequentAuthorSubstitute = '———'; private $subsequentAuthorSubstituteRule = class Seboettg\CiteProc\Style\Options\SubsequentAuthorSubstituteRule { protected $value = 'complete-all' }; protected $array = [0 => class stdClass { ... }] }, $citationItems = NULL )...\Bibliography.php:76
120.13154099256Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Layout->renderSingle( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 72; public $title = 'شبه القارة الهندية وحضاراتها: دراسة تاريخية: The Indian Subcontinent and its Civilizations: A Historical Study'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>The importance of the topic “The Efforts of Advocacy and Behavior Scholars in Reforming the Individual and Society in the Indian Subcontinent” shows that it focuses on studying the case of the Indian subcontinent; (constituting the State of Pakistan, India, Nepal, Maldives and Sri Lanka), in terms of preaching, and this subcontinent has embraced several civilizations and religions through the ages and times, and many leaders, kings and nations have struggled for their thrones; This is due to it'...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/72'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30' }; public $page = '29-46'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.72' }, $citationNumber = 0 )...\Layout.php:97
130.13154099872Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Group->render( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 72; public $title = 'شبه القارة الهندية وحضاراتها: دراسة تاريخية: The Indian Subcontinent and its Civilizations: A Historical Study'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>The importance of the topic “The Efforts of Advocacy and Behavior Scholars in Reforming the Individual and Society in the Indian Subcontinent” shows that it focuses on studying the case of the Indian subcontinent; (constituting the State of Pakistan, India, Nepal, Maldives and Sri Lanka), in terms of preaching, and this subcontinent has embraced several civilizations and religions through the ages and times, and many leaders, kings and nations have struggled for their thrones; This is due to it'...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/72'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30' }; public $page = '29-46'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.72' }, $citationNumber = 0 )...\Layout.php:130
140.13154100488Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Text->render( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 72; public $title = 'شبه القارة الهندية وحضاراتها: دراسة تاريخية: The Indian Subcontinent and its Civilizations: A Historical Study'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>The importance of the topic “The Efforts of Advocacy and Behavior Scholars in Reforming the Individual and Society in the Indian Subcontinent” shows that it focuses on studying the case of the Indian subcontinent; (constituting the State of Pakistan, India, Nepal, Maldives and Sri Lanka), in terms of preaching, and this subcontinent has embraced several civilizations and religions through the ages and times, and many leaders, kings and nations have struggled for their thrones; This is due to it'...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/72'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30' }; public $page = '29-46'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.72' }, $citationNumber = 0 )...\Group.php:113
150.13154100488Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Text->renderMacro( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 72; public $title = 'شبه القارة الهندية وحضاراتها: دراسة تاريخية: The Indian Subcontinent and its Civilizations: A Historical Study'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>The importance of the topic “The Efforts of Advocacy and Behavior Scholars in Reforming the Individual and Society in the Indian Subcontinent” shows that it focuses on studying the case of the Indian subcontinent; (constituting the State of Pakistan, India, Nepal, Maldives and Sri Lanka), in terms of preaching, and this subcontinent has embraced several civilizations and religions through the ages and times, and many leaders, kings and nations have struggled for their thrones; This is due to it'...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/72'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30' }; public $page = '29-46'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.72' } )...\Text.php:118
160.13154100488Seboettg\CiteProc\Style\Macro->render( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 72; public $title = 'شبه القارة الهندية وحضاراتها: دراسة تاريخية: The Indian Subcontinent and its Civilizations: A Historical Study'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>The importance of the topic “The Efforts of Advocacy and Behavior Scholars in Reforming the Individual and Society in the Indian Subcontinent” shows that it focuses on studying the case of the Indian subcontinent; (constituting the State of Pakistan, India, Nepal, Maldives and Sri Lanka), in terms of preaching, and this subcontinent has embraced several civilizations and religions through the ages and times, and many leaders, kings and nations have struggled for their thrones; This is due to it'...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/72'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30' }; public $page = '29-46'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.72' }, $citationNumber = ??? )...\Text.php:282
170.13154101104Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Names->render( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 72; public $title = 'شبه القارة الهندية وحضاراتها: دراسة تاريخية: The Indian Subcontinent and its Civilizations: A Historical Study'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>The importance of the topic “The Efforts of Advocacy and Behavior Scholars in Reforming the Individual and Society in the Indian Subcontinent” shows that it focuses on studying the case of the Indian subcontinent; (constituting the State of Pakistan, India, Nepal, Maldives and Sri Lanka), in terms of preaching, and this subcontinent has embraced several civilizations and religions through the ages and times, and many leaders, kings and nations have struggled for their thrones; This is due to it'...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/72'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30' }; public $page = '29-46'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.72' }, $citationNumber = NULL )...\Macro.php:86
180.13154101720Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Name->render( $data = class stdClass { public $type = 'article-journal'; public $id = 72; public $title = 'شبه القارة الهندية وحضاراتها: دراسة تاريخية: The Indian Subcontinent and its Civilizations: A Historical Study'; public $container-title = 'Al Basirah'; public $publisher-place = NULL; public $abstract = '<p>The importance of the topic “The Efforts of Advocacy and Behavior Scholars in Reforming the Individual and Society in the Indian Subcontinent” shows that it focuses on studying the case of the Indian subcontinent; (constituting the State of Pakistan, India, Nepal, Maldives and Sri Lanka), in terms of preaching, and this subcontinent has embraced several civilizations and religions through the ages and times, and many leaders, kings and nations have struggled for their thrones; This is due to it'...; public $container-title-short = 'Al Basirah'; public $volume = '10'; public $issue = '01'; public $section = 'Articles'; public $URL = 'https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/72'; public $accessed = class stdClass { public $raw = '2026-05-13' }; public $author = [0 => class stdClass { ... }, 1 => class stdClass { ... }]; public $issued = class stdClass { public $raw = '2021-06-30' }; public $page = '29-46'; public $DOI = '10.52015/albasirah.v10i01.72' }, $var = 'author', $citationNumber = NULL )...\Names.php:210
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200.13154171448Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Name->getFormattedNames( $data = [0 => class stdClass { public $family = 'نور اسلام' }, 1 => class stdClass { public $family = 'د محمدي عبد البصير حضيري' }] )...\Name.php:424
210.14474206008Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Name->formatName( $nameItem = class stdClass { public $family = 'د محمدي عبد البصير حضيري' }, $rank = 1 )...\Name.php:439
220.14474206424Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Name->getNamesString( $name = class stdClass { public $family = 'د محمدي عبد البصير حضيري' }, $rank = 1 )...\Name.php:191
230.14474206424Seboettg\CiteProc\Rendering\Name\Name->nameOrder( $data = class stdClass { public $family = 'د محمدي عبد البصير حضيري' }, $rank = 1 )...\Name.php:210
نور اسلام, and د محمدي عبد البصير حضيري. “شبه القارة الهندية وحضاراتها: دراسة تاريخية: The Indian Subcontinent and Its Civilizations: A Historical Study”. Al Basirah 10, no. 01 (June 30, 2021): 29–46. Accessed May 13, 2026. https://polyglot.numl.edu.pk/index.php/alb/article/view/72.